In this research, morphological and histomorphometrical structure of testis of 20 silver male carp fish were studied in two CLASSES or groups. Group1 was composed of 10 fish with averAGE (±SD) weight of 1.247±0.656 kg and averAGE (±SD) length of 43.675±1.414 cm with about 2 years AGE, Group2 was composed of 10 fish with averAGE (±SD) weight of 5.716±0.519 kg and averAGE (±SD) length of 81.5±1.643 cm. AverAGE (±SD) weight of testis were 2.34±1.47 gr and 83.33±25.81gr with averAGE (±SD) GSI of 0.187±0.224 and 1.457±4.974 in groups 1 and 2 respectively. Samples from testis were taken by maximum thickness of 0.5cm and after fixation in bouin’s fixative and 5-6mm thickness section were made routine paraffin embedding method and stained by Hematoxylin-Eosin and PAS staining. The microscopic results showed that the silver carp testis was lobular and cystic type in two groups. In group 1, there was no spermatozoon activity and PGCs were only germ cells in the cysts. But in group2, the numbers of PGCs were decreased significantly and spermatogenic cells were seen in different phases including spermatogonia, primary and secondary spermatocysts, early and late spermatid, and spermatozoa which each one was located in a separated cyst. There was no significant difference in nucleus diameter of PGCs in testis of group1 (6.97±0.438m) and group (6.13±0.438m). In group2, the nucleolus diameter of spermatogonia was 2.97±0.112mm, primary spermatocyt 3.59±0.107m, early spermatid 1.59±0.761m, late spermatid 1.24±0.132m, spermatozoa 1.16±0.054m, and the length of spermatozoia 17.412±1.946m. The interesting finding was immature testis in fish of group 1 with averAGE weigh (1.247±0.656kg) and averAGE length (43.675±1.414cm) in about 2 years AGE and mature testis in fish of group 2 with averAGE weight of (5.716±0.519kg) and averAGE length of (81.5±1.643cm) with about 4 years AGE in Khuzestan climate conditions.

A group class Ӿ is said to be countably recognizable if a group belongs to Ӿ whenever all its countable subgroups lie in Ӿ. It is proved here that most of the relevant CLASSES of groups de fined by restrictions on the conjugacy CLASSES are countably recognizable.

Due to the social nature of man, urban spaces such as squares are considered to be the most important manifestations of social nodes in urban life. While these squares take historical forms, they have such special place and time significance that cognitive documentation of this phenomenon as a major pillar of urban spaces can be used to qualitatively identify squares and public realms that are the foundation of social interaction. In order to have the knowledge of their morphological evaluation to express design principles, consulting with urban design experts is a must. The traditional evaluation of the urban square, due to its specific qualitative dimensions, was considered as a qualitative judgment which often had a high error rate in the survey, so the majority of the studies, generally, are qualitative and based on pure analysis. The purpose of the current research is the phenomenological recognition and qualitative analysis of urban space. Using a combination of several methods, first, the field element in the quality recognition matrix and the six Wolfrum criteria as well as sixteen urban squares were selected from the European cities, In the first stAGE, by means of Human Subjective Evaluation and Normalized AccumulatedQuality Graph Output, the numerical value was accumulated and then analyzed using the Automatic Geography Evaluation method. Finally, examining the correlation of these two methods led to the qualitative measurement of these urban elements. First, the selected ones were evaluated through HSE method analysis and NAQ extraction primary evaluation about human approach oriented was done. Second, using the AGE method in the analysis, the researchers evaluated the next step of that up to geometrical automotive and correlation between them. The results of the present study showed that this urban element had many dimensions to be quantitatively extracted. Last, all of the models for evaluation of square qualities in this study are considered the primary step to help the researchers have a functional standard draft while designing.

The Druze is a branch of Fatimid Ismailism that emerged in the early fifth century AH. While certain beliefs of this Ismaili sect differ from Islamic and Shiite doctrines, they bear a significant resemblance to Manichean beliefs, suggesting possible influence from this Iranian religion. Research indicates that the division of the Druze community into the ignorant and the wise is reminiscent of the Manichean division of society into catechumens (hearers or auditors) and the elect, and their duties (khīshkārī) also exhibit similarities. This article primarily explores the similarities between the two CLASSES of the Druze and Manichean communities, and then delves into the factors that may have contributed to these influences. The research method used in this article is historical-comparative. In conclusion, based on the comparable findings and evidence of influence, it is likely that the Druze community borrowed its social structure from the Manichean system of social CLASSES.

Forest degradation influences ecosystem sustainability and reduces plant species diversity. Plantations with coniferous trees in degraded ecosystems help the native species to become established and play a major role in preserving and improving plant diversity. This study aims at measuring and comparing the woody species diversity across different AGE CLASSES of Pinus brutia and Cupressus horizontalis in Ghapan region, East of Golestan. Plantations were classified in the following AGE CLASSES: <10, 10-20, and 20-30 years old. Then an area of about 5 ha were chosen for every AGE class and a number of 30 plots (400 m2) were systematic randomly selected. List of woody species and their density in each sample plot were recorded. Number of woody species was calculated using species richness, expected richness, and Margalef indices; diversity was calculated using Simpson and Shannon-Wiener indices; and evenness was calculated using Camargo and Simpson indices. Analysis of variance showed that the effects of species, AGE CLASSES, and their interaction were significant. Slicing of interaction effect indicated an outstanding difference of richness, diversity, and evenness indices across the different AGE CLASSES of Pinus brutia plantations. The difference of expected richness and Margalef, Simpson, and Shannon-Wiener indices were not significant across the different AGE CLASSES of Cupressus horizontalis plantations. But, the increasing of species richness and evenness of Camargo and Simpson indices were significant across the AGE CLASSES of <10 and 10– 20 years old. Also, it was showed that Pinus brutia plantation is more suitable for establishment and development of woody species than Cupressus horizontalis and therefore it is recommended for future plantations at the study region.

Classifying AGE CLASSES in a large area using remotely sensed data has considerable significance for forest sustainable manAGEment. In this research, Landsat ETM+ data from Loveh forest, dating July 2002, were analyzed to investigate the potential of this sensor for AGE class mapping. We applied a systematic cluster sampling method to collect field data. We used 99 plots so that contained 32 plot. In stands with 25-45 years, 33 plots in stand with 5-25 years and 34 plots in stands with >45 years. The quality of the imAGE was first evaluated for radiometric noises. Separability of three AGE CLASSES 5-25, 25-45 and >45 years, using a supervised classification and four algorithm of maximum likelihood, minimum distance, parallel piped and linear discriminate analysis (Fisher). The results showed that maximum likelihood in three and two AGE CLASSES with overall accuracy and kappa coefficient were (79% and 94%) and (0.68 and 0.86), respectively. Signature separability, producer and user accuracies showed the highest spectral similarity between 5-25 and >45 AGE CLASSES. By merging the two CLASSES, the overall accuracy and kappa coefficient became equal to 94% and 0.86, respectively. These results demonstrate that the reflectance values recorded by ETM+ sensor are related to forest stands. This information could also be used to estimate forest biomass and carbon content, identify locations within the stands that might require treatment and plan other manAGEment activities.